Introdução: Os estreptococos do grupo B (EGB) ou Streptococcus agalactiae, são bactérias gram-positivas, catalase-negativas, anaeróbias facultativas, que apresentam forma esférica ou ovóide, agrupando-se em cadeia, sendo um comensal comum do trato genital feminino; estando ainda, relacionada a infecções invasivas em recém-nascidos (como sepse, meningite e pneumonia). A incidência de colonização no trato genital de gestantes, relacionada às complicações da evolução da gravidez, varia de 10% a 30% e a transmissão vertical ocorre em 30 a 70% dos recém-nascidos. Objetivos: o presente estudo objetivou analisar através da literatura específica, as infecções neonatais por EGB, a fim de apresentar as possíveis consequências da colonização e a relevância do diagnóstico para a detecção pré-parto da bactéria, inspirando estratégias para a redução significativa da incidência. Material e métodos: as informações para este estudo foram levantadas a partir de artigos em revistas científicas, publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, num recorte temporal de 2001 a 2021, nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e MEDLINE. Resultados: foram encontrados 1.476 artigos utilizando as palavras chave, gravidez e Streptococcus agalactiae. Entretanto, visto a inespecificidade dos artigos, utilizamos os que apresentavam os descritores do título, totalizando para abordagem neste estudo 79 artigos. Após a leitura dos resumos, 23 estudos foram avaliados por completo, obtendo um número final de 9 artigos que demonstraram a importância para o tema proposto no estudo. Embora a abrangência dos exames pré-natais tenha aumentado, observa-se que ainda hoje a cultura do EGB, não é realizada de forma rotineira durante o pré-natal, o que explica a alta prevalência de colonização materna e, consequentemente, de doenças neonatais. Conclusão: diante da escassez de informações específicas sobre a doença, fica evidente a necessidade de novos estudos no Brasil a fim de subsidiar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de saúde, no intuito de fortalecer a atenção dada pelos órgãos responsáveis ao rastreamento do patógeno e a profilaxia durante o acompanhamento pré-natal.
Publicado
2021-06-11
Como Citar
Santos, J. D. S. ., & Montenegro , A. K. A. (2021). ESTREPTOCOCOS B COMO CAUSA DE INFECÇÃO EM MULHERES GRÁVIDAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 02. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1158
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