Introdução: A asma é considerada um problema mundial de saúde que acomete 300 milhões de indivíduos. No Brasil, estima-se que existam 20 milhões de asmáticos sendo que, destes, cerca de 50% dos adultos apresentam asma alérgica. De modo paralelo à grande prevalência de asma no país, o Brasil também possui a 4ª maior população de animais domésticos no mundo, sendo 52,2 milhões de cães e 22,1 milhões de gatos. A exposição a animais de estimação tem sido implicada como um fator de risco para asma, no entanto, vários estudos demonstram controvérsias. Desse modo, torna-se importante a elucidação da relação entre a gravidade da asma e o convívio com animais domésticos. Objetivo: Avaliar retrospectivamente a associação da exposição ao epitélio de cães e gatos com a classificação da gravidade da asma de pacientes adultos que convivam com estes animais em seu domicílio. Material e métodos: Foram avaliados 364 prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com asma atópica no Ambulatório de asma do Serviço de Imunologia Clínica e Alergia do HC-FMUSP, de consultas realizadas entre 2017 e 2019. Foi calculado: presença de animais domésticos em casa, resultado do teste cutâneo e do imunoensaio Imunoglobulina E (IgE) específica para aeroalérgenos, classificação de gravidade da asma e controle da asma. Avaliações secundárias: idade de início e tempo de asma, Imunoglobulina E (IgE) total, presença de doenças atópicas e antecedentes familiares. Resultados: Cerca de 56% dos pacientes apresentavam asma grave e destes, 119 eram sensibilizados a epitélio de animais. Da amostra sensibilizada ao epitélio de animais e que convivia com cães, 88% apresentavam asma grave. 100% dos pacientes sensíveis ao epitélio de gato e que possuíam gato apresentaram asma grave. Conclusão: Foi notável a maior gravidade da asma em pacientes que são sensíveis a epitélio de cão e ou gato e convivem com estes animais em seus domicílios.
Publicado
2021-06-09
Como Citar
Almeida, A. B. L. D., Mari, . M. C., Agondi, R. C., Domingues, . S. R., & Lima, C. M. F. D. (2021). ASMA ATÓPICA E O CONVÍVIO COM ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(2), 75. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1152
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