Dor oncológica, Métodos medicamentosos, Tratamento
Resumo
Introdução: O câncer constitui-se de células que se multiplicam e determinam a formação de tumores que podem invadir outros tecidos e órgãos por disseminação direta e/ou pelas vias linfáticas e sanguíneas. Apesar do paciente com diagnóstico de câncer apresentar vários sintomas, a dor é o mais temido. Pesquisas realizadas pela OMS, na década de 1980, elegeram a dor, associada às neoplasias, como uma emergência médica mundial. Objetivo: Avaliar os métodos do tratamento da dor em pacientes oncológicos, proporcionado ao paciente conforto. Método e materiais: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica descritiva, utilizando como fontes artigos em bases de dados do Scielo e Google Acadêmico publicados entre 2012 a 2019 e no livro Câncer Estadiamento e Tratamento de João Carlos Simões. Palavras-chaves: dor oncológica, métodos medicamentosos, tratamento. Resultados: É imprescindível considerar o relato da experiência dolorosa do paciente para que os profissionais consigam identificar à origem, intensidade e localização; indiquem o melhor tratamento. Os seis principais métodos de controle da dor nesses pacientes são: pela boca, pelo relógio (administrados em intervalos fixos), pela escada analgésica, para o individuo, o uso de adjuvantes (para aumentar a analgesia e controlar efeitos adversos), atenção aos detalhes (observar os benefícios e malefícios). Existem métodos para o tratamento como os físicos (como TENS), mecânicos (massagens) e cognitivos (procedimentos psicológicos). Na escala analgésica observam-se não opiáceos, onde o aumento de dose não produz maior efeito analgésico (anti-inflamatórios não hormonais e analgésicos simples); os analgésicos opiáceos que incluem todas as drogas que tem ação morphinelike nos receptores opiáceos endógenos, divididos em: fracos (codeína, tramadol) e fortes (morfina, metadona, fentanil, oxicodona). Conclusão: O controle da dor no âmbito da oncologia é de extrema importância, pois repercute no estado geral, principalmente, na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Nesse processo, os fármacos são fundamentais no tratamento de suporte a efetuar nesses pacientes.
Publicado
2021-04-29
Como Citar
Fernandes, A. V. F. de A., Oliveira, I. da S., Felipe, C. N., de Araujo, M. D. A. ., & Ferreira, M. D. L. (2021). TRATAMENTO DA DOR NO PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO. Revista Multidisciplinar Em Saúde, 2(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.51161/rems/1034
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